Blindstitch sewing-machine.



T. J. HAYES.

BLINDSTI'TCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATlON FILED MAY 27 1.916-V 1,275,217, misused Aug, 2o, 1918.

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T. J. HAYES. BLmosIncH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED vWW2?, ISIS.

Patentemugo, 1918.

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by a iiiaiai sans VTHOMAS J. HAYES, 0F ROSLINDAL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 ARBETTER FLL- ING- MACHINE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

To all @cham t may concern.' l

Y #Be it known that I, THoMAs J. HAYES, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Roslindale, county of Suiolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improve-v ment in Blindstitch Sewing-Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the-drawing representing like parts. Y "f This invention relates to improvements insewing machines of .the Arbetter type f which are adapted for use in felling a superimposed layer 'upon a p base layer of material.

The principal object ofthe -inventionis to improve the stitchforming mechanism proper to adapt the machine to form stitches in the base and superimposed layer withj a seam in whichl the points of'penetration and emergence of the needle will lie well back from the folded edge of the superimposed layer so that the Vseam will be wholly or hsubstantially concealed. Y

This is accomplished in the prefenred embodiments of the invention disclosed herein f substantially in parallelism to the edge of said layer and in anotherseries of stitches to enter the base layer adjacentthe edge of the superimposed layer in a direction diverging fno-in said layer, suitable means, preferably a bobbin thread concatenatingthe loops of the thread in the rows of stitches, serving to bind the superimposedr'layer rmly upon the base layer. f l

The ,drawings illustrate the invention as embodied in blind stitchl sewing machines of i the Arbetter type.

In thefdrawings; l n Figure l is a front view of a sewing machine having a curved needle oscillating in a planey inclined to the vertical plane of the iliiie of feed, a portion ofthe arm being sewing inachine'comprising a needle layen and complemental stitch formingvmechanism located above the work support pro- Y BLINDsTITci-i snWiNG-iviecI-II'NE.

'specification ofrtetters Patent. y f patented Aug 20, 191g Application led May 27, `1916. Serial No. 100,320. Y

vlorokenaway to show the means forvibratnism for vibratingfthe needle laterally, the feedingv and bender mechanism` being omitted,- l

`Fig. 3 is a plan view of the presser foot f resting upon lthe work and showing the position vof tli eneedle"wlien forming a stitch in the superimposed layer, x yF ig. 4 is a similar lview showing the position r`of' the needle when making a stitch in' the base layer, v

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the head of adifferent form of machine with the face plate removed vand a portion of the head mechanism and also showing the presser foot and w ork support, v

^ Fig. 6 is a plan view of the presser foot illustrated in Fig' resting upon the work I u I broken away to display the-needle actuatingA i relatively small amount of lateral vibration Y lor shogging of the needle and to form aI and showing the-position of the needle'in-VV i making a stitch in the superimposed layer,

and, i n

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the position of the needle when engaging the base For-.the purposes of this disclosure it is unnecessary to illustrate or describey the feedinginechanism lor lthe bender ymecha- `'nismor the means for actuating the saine as the-essence of the invention resides in theV needle actuating'mechanis'm and the parts which-present thework, particularly the supeninposed layer, to the needle. ,A

' The machine illustrated in Figs. l, to l of ingVV a hollow standard 2 and' overhanging arm 3 terminating in a head'l which' contains or supports the needle vmechanismV and complementary stitch forming mechanism V*and the means for actuating them, which are operated .by the usual main shaft 5 which extends axially thnough'the armand is provided with the usual pulley A6 and hand wheel 7.@- i i ys t t-lie`drawi1ig comprises the bed plate v1 havi The needle 8, which preferably isy curved,

is,r carried' atvone end of a needle bar 9 having a'hub l0 which is mounted upon an inclined shaft' ll. which is mounted in arms 12,13 of a bracket lil depending from a vertial rock shaft l5 which is rotatably mounted in a suitable bearing 1G in the head 4 of the inachine. The upper end of the rock shaft 15 is provided with an arm 17 which is connected by a universal joint with the end of an actuating lever 18.

rThe needle bar 9 is preferably extended beyond the hub and connected at its end by a universal joint 20 to the end of a link 21 which may be reciprocated by a crank disk or any other suitable mechanism (not shown) connected with the main shaft 5.

Inrthe preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the needle is oscillated in a plane inclined to the vertical plane of the line of feed and the axis of the vertical rock shaft 15 lies in the same vertical plane as the axis of the oscillating needle so that the penetrating thrust of the needle is always radial to a center C, (Figs. 8 andl 4,) located Va short distanceinadvance of the points at which the needle is thrust into the base and superim- Athe needle is required to cause it in one series of strokes to penetrate the superimposed layer and in another series of strokes to avoid the edge of said layer and penetrate only the base layer which is presented to it by the usual bender 22.

Any suitable means may be provided for oscillating the rock shaft 15. A preferred mechanism is illustratedin Fig. 1 by means of which vthe amplitude of vibration of the'` needle may be accurately adjusted. ln this i mechanism the lever 18 is formed in two lparts 18, 18a preferably joined together by ybolt and vslot connections 23 to permit the length of the lever to be adjustedproperly in assembling the machine. The portion 18a of the lever is bifurcated at its end to form a cam fork 24 which engages al cam 25 upon a vertical countershaft 26 which is ournaled in suitable bearings in the standard, one of which, 27, is shown. The countershaft 26 is provided at its upper end with a beveled Vgear 28 which meshes with a beveled gear 29 on the main shaft 5, the ratio of the gears being two to one so that the needle Y preferably is vibrated laterallyupon alterupon a convenient stationary part of the machine, shown herein as one of the bosses 35 in which the main shaft 5 is journaled. rEhe ther arm 36 of the bell crank lever is provided with a reduced extension 37 which passes through a slot (not shown) in the arm 3 and is suitably secured in adjusted position by a nut on said extension 37 engagingthe-wall of the arm.

By reason of the above construction the stud 32 may be positioned either in the vertical axial plane of the lever 18-18 or to one side thereof so that the resultant longitudinal movement of the lever caused by the arcuate movement of the stud 30 may be adjusted with great accuracy by the adjustment of the bell crank lever 34, and the l amplitude of vibration of the needle fixed Vwith greatest precision.

This is very desirable especially when a thin fabric is to be blind stitched upon a base layer.

Any suitable complementary stitch form- 'ing mechanism may be utilized to concatenate the loops of needle thread. A desirable mechanism which is illustrated herein comprises a rotating bobbin carrying hook 38 secured tothe lower end ofa shaft 39 which is j ournaled in a hook bracket 40 depending from, and preferably integral with, the head 4. rlhe shaft 39is provided at its upper end 95 with a beveled gear 41 which meshes with a v beveled gear 42 upon the main shaft, the gears 41, 42 being of such relative diameters to give the desired speedof rotation to the hook to cooperate properly with the needle in both of its paths of oscillation.

The work may be presented to the needle in any suitable manner'but preferably is supported at and adjacent to the stitching point by a work support 43 having a work 105 supporting surface v44 inclined to the vertical plane of the line of feed at a greater angle than that of the inclination of the plane in which the needle oscillates. By this construction the needle is enabled to pass beneath a greater number of the surface threads of the base layer without penetrating deeply, than if the work supporting surface of the work support were horizontal.

V'llhe inclination of the face of the work 115 support also facilitates the entry of the needle well beneath the superimposed layer, particularly when combined with special guiding means for the superimposed layer which is adapted to roll up the edge of said layer. rThe preferred form of guide for the edge of the superimposed layer is illustrated herein as embodied in the presser, foot 45 which preferably is secured to an extension 46 of the hook bracket 40. Y 125 rlhe presser foot comprises a major toe Y portion 47 and a minor toe portion 48, the

major toe portion preferably having a concaved upper face 49 a portion of which is adapted to support and guide the oscillating curved and thereby adapted by its engage- Y.

ment with the upper surface of the superimposed layer to crowd the edge of the layer toward the path of the needle.

A special guide for the edge of the superimposed layer is provided which is adapted 4to surround or embrace the edge of said layer'in advance of and closely adjacent to the stitching point. This guide may be supported in any convenient manner but preferably is in the form of a plate 52 attached by-screws 53 to the top. of the minor toe portionlS of the presser foot and extends beyond the path of the needle'S. VThe under surface ofthe guide preferably is conoidalV in form and serves to roll up the edge of the superimposed layer so that the fneedle may enter, in one series of its penetrating strokes, the under surface of said layer well back Vfrom the edge thereof and emerge from said layer beneath and beyond said edge so that the stitch in said layer 'will be fully concealed. The free end of the edge guide preferably extends downwardly to rest upon the surface i9 ofthe major toe portion 47 of the presser foot and thereby prevents the superimposed layer from improperly reaching the path of the needle.

In the operation of' the machine the needle vibrating mechanism is positioned to cause the needle in one series of penetrating v strokes to oscillate in a plane substantially parallel to the edge of the superimposed layer so thatit will enter and emerge from the under face of said layer at points nearly equidistant from the edge thereof. In making the other series of penetrating strokes the needle is vibrated laterally about the axis C so that it advances in its penetrating stroke in a path diverging from the superimposed layer, thus avoiding the edge of the superimposed layer and penetrating the surface of the base layer whichV in the meantime has been elevated into its path by the bender 22.

By' the construction above described a blind stitch seam may be made in which the edge of the superimposed layer overlies the lines of stitching a considerable distance,

.thus enabling such seams to be made'as those which fastentheV linings tothe bottoms of coats. It is'however, to bie understood that my'invention is not limited to y' mechanism for"vibrating the needle ina plane in'cline'dto the Ivertical planefof the line of feed and that-other mechanisms may be utilized for actuating the needle.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 in which Fig. 5 shows the end 60 of a sewing machine arm having a head 61 supporting 'y suitable mechanism for actuating a needle which is oscillated in vertical planes which are perpendicular to the work supporting surface of a preferably horizontal work support 62. In this embodiment the mechf anism is, in the main, similar Vto that' disclosed in Patenty No. 937,273, 'granted Oct. 19,v 1909, to Wolf Arbetter but differs from the construction shown therein in thatthe path of the needle lin its penetrating stroke Y enters the superimposed klayer-fin parallelism with the direction ofy feed, and with the edge of said layer, linstead yof penetrating said layer at an angle lto itsl edge;and in.

that the needle-penetrates the base layer in e a direction diverging from said layer' instead of in a direction parallel to thedirection ofv feed.V

It also differs from the constructionA disy closed in-that patent vin thatspecial guiding imeans are provided for the edge of the superimposed layer which present said layer to theneedle in one seriesl of its penetrating strokes so that amore perfect blind` stitch maybe made.

Any suitable work support, vfeeding and bender mechanism such for example as that disclosed inthe Arbetter PatentfNo. 830,699

may be employed in combination with the mechanism shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 there# fore no detail illustration or description of themis'necessary. v

The mechanism illustrated herein com prises a main driving shaft 63 extending horizontally through the head 6l and provided at its forward end with a pinion v64:

adjustably connected thereto by set screws 65. On the face of the pinion 64 a rotarily adjustable crankdisk 66 is mounted, `the crank pin 67 being connected tothe needle oscillating rod 68. f Y A grooved cam 69 mounted upon a stubshaft 70 and driven by a gear 71 meshing with the gear 64 servesl to vibrate the needle laterally through the following mechanism. A vertical shaft 72 is mounted in the lower portion of the head and carries at its 'lower end a long transverse bearing 73 the axis of which is at right angles to, and lies in the' same vertical plane as, the axis of the rock shaft 72. The needle carryingrock shaft 74 mounted in this bearingis provided at one end with an arm, or needle bar .7 5 which ilo with an arm 82, the arm 82 having an upwardly extending` stud which engages the cam groove 69, whereby said arm is vibrated. rlhe arm 82 also has a T-shaped slot 83 in which is mounted a sliding carrier 84 having a downwardly extending stud 85 which enters a slot in the arm 79. The carrier 84 is adjustably movable longitudinally of lthe T-shaped slot S3 by an adjusting screw 86 having a knurled head. By adjusting the carrier toward and from the shaft- 81 the amplitude of vibration of the needle may be varied as desired.

Any suitable complemental stitch forming mechanism may be used with the needle mechanism above described, preferably however it is in the form of a revolving hook suitably supported upon a bracket (not shown) connected with the head of the machine.

It will be noted that the axis of the shaft 74 is shown at a considerable distance in the rear of they axis of the vertical rock shaft 72. This constructionl providesV for the securing of the requisite penetration of the needle in making the diagonal 4stitch with a minimum amount of divergence of the needle from the plane which is parallel to the line of feed.

By thus placing the axis of the shaft 74 in the rear of theaxle of the vertical rock Vshaft 72 the needle is swung bodily about the vertical axis of the shaft 7 2 in a circle whose radius is that of the distance between the axis of the shafts 74 and 7 2 so that the needle penetrates the base and superimposed layers in points at once closely adjacent to each other and a short distance in the rear of the axial line of the shaft 7 2 and a minimum amount of divergence from the path of the needle is provided which enables the needle properly to coperate with the revolving hook in both its straight and diagonal paths. Y

The screw 86 and connectedy parts above described enables an adjustment to be made between the straight stitch, which is in the direction of the line of feed and the diagonal stitch which diverges away from the superimposed layer for different kinds of work without disturbing the position of the needle in making the straight stitch which it is desired to maintain.

In assembling the machine the shaft 72 is adjusted rctarily in respect to the arm V79 so that the needle will, upon its penetrating movement in a superimposed layer, oscillate in a plane parallel to said layer. The set screw 8O is then set up to maintain the parts permanently in this position. The screw 86 is then operated to shift the position of the stud 85 and consequently the throw of the arm 7 9 so to position theV needle as to make a stitch in the base layer diverging away from the straight stitch and from the edge of the superimposed layer to the desired amount.

ln order properly to present the superimposed layer to the needle so that the needle upon the straight stitch, which is in parallelism with the line of feed, may enter and emerge properly from said layer, a special form of guide is provided of the general character described in connection with the mechanism illustrated in Figs. l and 2. This guide inthe preferred embodiment` of the invention shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, forms a part of the presser foot 87 which has an arm 88 extending upwardly and adjustablysecured by screw and slot connections to a post S9V extending downwardly from the head 6l. rlhe presser foot conr prises a major toe portion 90 and a minor toe portion 91, the major toe portion being formed with a recess 92 to provide a throat through which the layer may-be thrust into the path of the needle upon its diverging stroke. The major toe portion 90 may also i be suitably formed to support and guide the curved oscillating needle. The minor toe portion 91 is provided with a convexedly curved under surface 93 which is adapted to crowd the material of the superimposed layer toward the path of the needle. A guide 94 of the character aboveA described is secured to the top of the presser foot and has a curved guiding' extension projectingV over and beyond the path of the needle in its straight stitch, said guide ,embracing the edge of the superimposed layer in front of and adjacent to the stitching point and causing the layer to be rolled up so that the needle on its straight thrust will enter beneath the edges of said layer.

In the operation of the machine the needle is reciprocated in paths .which respectively are substantially parallel to the ydirection of the line of feed and diverging from said line of feed and from the superimposed layer.

The superimposed layer is directed by the guide in the path of the needle upon its straight stitch so that it enters the superimposed layer under the edge thereof and emerges from said layer beneath or at the edge. Upon its withdrawal from the superimposed layer the needle is oscillated by the mechanism above described so that its point is directed' away from the superimposed layer and upon the next succeeding thrust the needle' penetrates the base layer,

which in the meantime has been raised into its path by the bender, the revolving hook, or other complemental stitch forming mechanism serves to concatenate the loops of needle thread in both series of stitches so that when the stitches are set by the tension the edge of the superimposed layer is drawn down upon the base layer and the line of stitching wholly or substantially concealed.

llO

. of material comprising work support,v`v means for feeding the material over "the" navman' It will be understood vthat the 'embodi-V 1. 5A' blind stitch sewing machine for fellinga .superimposed layer uponv a base layer work support, a needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism located above said work support, means for advancing the nee# dle in its penetrating strokes in the general direction of feed and means for positioning the needle to cause it in one series of strokes to enter the superimposed layer substantially in parallelism with the edge thereof, and inanother series of strokes to enter the base layer adjacent the edge of the super-V imposed layer in a direction diverging away from the edge of said layer.

2. A blind stitch sewing machine for felling a superimposed layer upon a base layer of material comprising a Work support, means for feeding the material over the work support, a needle mounted to oscillate in a plane inclined to the work supporting surface of the work support and complemental stitch forming Vmechanism located above said work support, means for oscillating the needle in its penetrating strokes in the general direction of feed and meansV for positioning the Vneedle to cause it in one series of strokes to enter the superimposed layer substantially in parallelism with the edge thereof and in another series of strokes to enter the base layer adjacent the edge of the superimposed layer in a direction diverging from said layer.

3. A blind stitch sewing machine for felling a superimposed layer upon a base layer of material comprising a work support, means for feeding the material over the work support, a needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism located above said work support, means for advancing the needle in its penetrating strokes in the general direction of feed, means for swinging the needle about a fixed vertical axis to cause it in one series of strokes to enter the superimposed layer in front of said axial position substantially in parallelism with the edge thereof and in another series of strokes to enter the base layer also in front of said axial position in a direction diverging away from the edge of said layer. i

4. A blind stitch sewing machine for felling a superimposed layer upon a base layer of material comprising a work support, means for feeding the material over the work supportya needle and compleme'ntal V stitch forming 'mechanism located above said work'support, means for advancing the neei dle; in'i'ts#penetrating'strokes in the general Y direction Offeed and means" for positioning the needle tocause it in one series of strokes to "enter the superimposed layer substantially in parallelism with the edge thereof, and in v another'series of -strokes to enter the base layer'adj acent 'the' edgeofthe Vsuperimposed layerl ina direction diverging from said layer and means for presenting theunder, Y

face ofthe superimposed layer ladjacent' its ed'ge in' the path of the needle when the needle is oscillating substantially in parallelism with said edge.v` j a 5. Asewing machine for blind stitching comprising a work support, a curved oscilj lating needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism located above thework support, meansfor oscillating said needle laterally and means for vibrating the needle to cause its oscillations to occur in diverging paths, the axis of said oscillating movement and the axis about which therneedle is vibrating laterally being located in the same vertical plane whereby all penetrating thrusts of the needle are radial to a center located in the line of the axis about which the needle is vibrated. Y

6. A sewing machine for blind stitching a superimposed layer upon a base layer of material comprising a work support and .'means for feeding the material over said Lrock shaft, and a cam for actuating said lever tocause the needle to oscillate in dif-,

ferent diverging planes;

7. A sewing machine for blind stitching a superimposed layer upon a base layer of material comprising a work support and means for feeding the material over said work support, a'vertical rock shaft, a needle shaft supported by and transversely of said rock shaft, means for oscillating said needle shaft, means for vibrating saidvrock shaft including a longitudinally movable floating lever pivotally connected to ksaid vertical rock shaft, a cam for actuating saidl lever to Vcause the needle to oscillate in different diverging planes and means for varying the position of the fulcrum of said lever transversely of the axis of saidlever whereby the extent of longitudinal movement of said lever and the consequent amplitude of vibration of the rock shaft may be adjusted Y support having its Work supporting face inclined to the plane of the bed plate, means for feeding the material ovei1 the Work supporting surface of the Wok support and tol the vertical plane of the line of feed and means for positioning the needle to cause it in its penetrating movement in one seriesv of strokes to enter the under Surace'of the superimposed layer beneath andfin a'direc-` tion substantially in parallelism with the edge thereof and in another series of stitches to enter the hase layer adjacent the edge of the superimposed layer in a direction divei'ging from said layer.

In testimonyrvvhereof,` I have signed my name to this specification.

THoMAs'J. HAYE-fs.

Copies of this patent may' be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Pat-ents,

Washington, D. C. 

